Circular engineering is an approach to designing and developing products, processes, and systems with the goal of minimizing waste and maximizing resource efficiency by closing the loop on material flows. It involves strategies such as designing for reuse, repair, remanufacturing, and recycling, as well as adopting renewable energy sources and reducing resource consumption. Circular engineering aims to create sustainable solutions that contribute to the circular economy, where resources are kept in use for as long as possible, rather than being disposed of after a single use.